Fluid-actuated motor.



D. s. 'WAU'GHQ FL'UID ACTUATED MOTOR.

APPLICATION fILED FEB,20. 1913. 1915953.015l Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

\ J0 l l 1 D. s. WAUGH. FLUID ACTUATED MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB'ZO. I9I3.

Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WIT f .SE

D. S. WAUGH.

FLUID ACTUATED MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED IEB. 2o. Isra.

1,159,303. Patented Nov. 2, 1915,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

a. y I l. 33 ,2%95 A I d a I .f2

Way/Q D. S. WAUGH.

FLUID ACIUATED MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB-20.1913.

Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

DANIEL s. WAUGH, or DENVER, COLORADO, AssIGNoE, BY M-EsNE ASSIGNMENTS, To

THE DENVER ROCK DRILL MANUFACTURlNG COMPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO,

A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

FLUID-ACTUATED MOTOR.

masses.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. a, i915.

Application led February 20, 1913. Serial No'- 749.757.

known as hand sinkers, Vit will'be obvious l that it is by no means limited to this use, but may be employed in various other relations.

One of the principal objects is to'pro vide Y novel, simple and effective means for automatically distributing the motive fluid to the cylinder member in order to e'ect the,

proper actuation of the piston.

A further and important object is to provide means for producing a novel cushioning effect on the piston during its rear stroke.

Astill further object is to provide means in which the pressure against the piston is gradually augmented during the working stroke. As a result of these last two objects, the shock and vibration is materially diminished.

One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a view in elevation of the motor. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view on an enlarged scale, through the upper'portion' thereof. ,Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, bu-t showing the valve shifted to the opposite position. Fig. 4 is a View on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. '5 is a sectional view on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively cross sectional views on the lines 6 6 and 7 7 -of Fig. 2, the valve beingremoved in Fig. 7. Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively cross sectional views on the lines 8 8 and 9 9 of Fig. 3.

In the embodiment disclosed, the cylinder member is Adesignated 11, and is provided at its lfront end with a casing 12, including a barrel 13, in which is located the chuck for receiving a' drill bit, a portion of which is shown at 14 in Fig. 1. The rear end of the cylinder member is closed by a head 15, and

the head and casing 12 are secured on the cylinder barrel by longitudinal bolts 16 passing through ears 17 formed upon said casing and head. These bolts have enlarged rearwardly projecting stem portions v1 8 that are tapered-toward their free ends and the terminal portions are threaded, as illustra-ted at 19. A tubular transverse hand grip 20-is provided in one sidewith transverse -openings 21, through which the threaded ends of the stems pass. Screwed upon the threaded portions are nuts 22. It will be noted byreference to Figs. 1 and 2 that the ends of the stems 18 abut against the interior of the hand grip, and the nuts 22 abut against the opposite portions of the same, thus securely maintaining the grip in place.

The piston of the motor. is designated 23, and is provided with a hammer extension 24 extending into the chuck. The chuck mechanism may be .of any, well known character. Formed upon one side of the cylinder barrel,is a valve casing 24 having its opposite ends open and provided with a projecting nipple 25, to rwhich a supply pipe `containing fluid under pressure from any suitable source may be connected. Within the casing 24 is removably fitted a valve cage 26, one end of which is provided .with an outstanding flange 27 -that bears against one end of the casing. Fitted into the opposite end of the valve casing 24, is a thimble 28, also having an outstanding flange 29 bearing against the adjacent end of the casing.

This thimble is provided with ears 30,

through which are passed holding bol-ts 31, that also pass through a bar 32 extending over the exposed end' of the valve cage 26. The bar rests upon a plug 33 that closes the end opening in saidcage. The said valve cage 26 is provided with an annular` motive fluid supply groovel 34 in communication Withthe inlet nipp1e'25, through a slot 35 and said groove 34 surrounds a valve chamber 36. It is also located adjacent to what may be termeda compression chamber 37, formed in the end of the cage, said chamber 37 having communication with the rear end of the cylinder member through a passageway 38. Another annular groove 39 formed in the cage on the opposite side of the groove 34 to the compression chamber 37, is in communication with the forward end of the cylinder member through a passageway 40.

The cage at the opposite end to the compression chamber 37 is counterbored, as shown at 41, and an annular groove 42, formed directly in the valve 'casing wall 24, communicates with the counterborethrough a plurality of-'ports 43 and is also in comlniunication with the rear portion of the cylinder by means of Aa port 44 that opens into an annular groove 45 formed in the interior of the cylinder barrel.4 Another and smaller port 46 forms means of communication between the interior of the cylinder in adv-ance of the port 44, and the end of the counterbore 41. The thimble 28 is provided with an exhaust outlet 47 opening into the outer end of the counterbore 41, and communicating with the outer air through a series of openings 48 that form a spider 49 at the end of the valve casing.`

l A reciprocatory vautomatic distributing valve 50 operates in the valve chamber 36, and has an enlarged head 51 moving in the counterbore 41. This enlarged head is provided with an exhaust port 52 that is in communication with the inner portion of the counterbore through a plurality of ports 53, and just above the head, the valve is provided with a peripheral groove 54, which establishes communication between the annular groove 39 and the upper portion of the counterbore 41 when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 2. The upper end of the valve 50 is movable into and out of the compression chamber 37 and is prefvalve seats against the inner end of the thimble 28, and said thimble is provided with openings 56 in communication with the port 46, and thus provides a pressure surface opposed to the pressure surface 55.

The valve 50 furthermore is provided in its inner or upper end with an internal pressure chamber 57, the upper end wall 58 of which forms a pressure surface, facing in the same direction as the pressure surface at the outer end of the valve and in an opposite direction to the pressure surface 55. A small port 59, formed in one side of the valve, communicates with the pressure chamber 57, and is movable into and oui'l of the motive iuid supply groove 34, accordingly as the valve is shifted. A spindle 60, fixed at its outer end in the spider 49, extends longitudinally into the valve, and its inner end enters the pressure chamber 57 thereof. This spindle is provided in one side with a groove or channel 61 that communicates with the exhaust port 52, and is in and out of communication with the chamber 57 as the valve is shifted.

The operation of the'valve is substantially as follows. Assuming the parts in the position illustrated in Fig. 2, and at rest, which position they will naturally assume, as the present type of machine is employed in a vertical or substantially uprighty position, it will be evident that if motive fluid under pressure is admitted through the nipple 25, it will pass through the slot 35 into the groove 34. From this groove, it will find its way into the compression chamber 37, thence through the passage 38, into the cylinder in rear of the-piston. From the cylinder member, it will pass through the port 46, and ports 56, so that pressure will be applied to the lower enlarged end of the valve. As a result, said valve will be lifted to the position shown in Fig. 3. The consequence of this change will be'tocut off the supply of motive fluid to the port 3 8, and consequently to the rear end of the cylinder, and to open an exhaust through the port 44 and the ports 46. This will, of course, immediately reduce the pressure on the lower end of the valve. But during this shifting action, the small port 59 will be brought into communication with the supply groove 34, and the' motive fluid under pressure will enter the pressure chamber 57. Here it will act against the upper pressure surface 58, and therefore the valve will be held in its elevated position, notwithstanding the decrease of pressure brought by the openingbf the exhaust below said valve. This change also brings the groove 34 to a position to open communication between the supply groove 34 and ythe groove 39,v so that the motive Huid will now flow through the passage 40, to the front end of the cylinder in advance of the piston. The piston will therefore move rearwardly.

The rear cylinder head 15, it will be noted, is provided with an inwardly extending boss 62, forming an annular channel 63 therearound, .and the rear end of the piston is provided with a socket 64 to receive the boss, said socket forming an annular rim 65 having a rear pressure surface 66, the bottom 67 of the socket forming another pressure surface in a different plane from the surface 66. 1t Will be noted that the port 38 opens vinto the annular channel 63, and as the piston moves rearwardly, as above described, it will first cover the exhaust or trip port 46, and y.will then pass over the groove 45v against the ,smaller area 58 in the ressure chamber 57 and consequently the va ve will be forced rearwardly or to the position'shown in Fig. 2. An vexhaust passageway is thus again opened in front of the piston by the passage 40 being in communication with the groove 39, and said groove' 39 being now brought into communication with the counterbore 41, the motive iiuid can escape from said counterbore, through the openings'53,

- the central port 52, and thus into the main exhaust passage 47. Motive fiuid will of course pass from the groove 34 into the pres` sure chamber 37, through the port 38, and first against the rim surface 66 of the piston.l

As the piston leaves the boss 62, however, the motive fluid will begin. to act against the additional pressure surface 67, and the pressure area acted on, is thus gradually augmented.

By reference to Figs. 2 and 3, it will be noted that a passage 68Vopens through the end of the boss 62, and is in communication v fluid is gradually compressed, not only forming a cushion, but acting as a force to shift the valve. The fluid that would likewise be trapped in the pocket 64, is however, permitted to freely exhaust through the passage 68 as long as the valve is in the position shown in Fig. 3. As soon, however, as the valve shifts,'its passage 68 is closed to the outer air, so that on the forward or working stroke of the piston, there Will be no escape of motive fluid therethrough. i

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and many advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in the size,

shape, proportion and minorydetails of construction, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention;

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a motor of the-character described,

, the combination withv a cylinder member and a piston operating therein, of an automatic valve having independent similarly facing pressure surfaces, means forapplying fluid under pressure against one of the surfaces to shift the valve and thenexhausting said fluid and thereby reducing the pressure on the surface, and means for bringing motive Huid against the lother surface to `hold the valve in its shifted position after such reduction of pressure. a

2. In a motor of the character described, the combination with'a cylinder member and the piston operating therein, of an automatic valve having an internal pressure chamber, means for admitting motive fiuid under pressure to `lsaid chamber, and means for exhausting fluid from said chamber on the movement of the valve.

3.- In a motor of the character described, the combination. with a cylinder member and a piston operating therein, of an automatic valve having an internal pressure chamber provided with a pressure surface, said valve having an opposed surface of greater area than the same, means for admitting fluid under pressure to said chamber and against the surface, and means for applying fluid under pressure against the opposite surface to shift the valve.

4. In a motor of the character described, the combination with a cylinder member and a piston operating therein, of an automatic valve having an internal pressure chamber provided with a pressure surface, saidvalve having an opposed' surface of greater area.

than the same, means for admitting fluid 'under pressure to said chamber and against the surface, means for applying fiuid under pressure against the opposite surface to shift the valve, and means for exhausting fluid under pressure from the pressure chamber When the valve is Vso moved.

5. In a motor of the character described, the combination with a cylinder member and the piston operating therein, of an automatic valve having an internal chamber, means for effecting'a predetermined movement of the valve, and means for admitting fluid under pressure to the chamber when the valve is moved ,to hold it against retrograde movement.

6. In a motor of the character described,

4the combination with a cylinder member and the piston 'operating therein, of an automatic valve having an internal chamber, means for effecting a' predetermined movement of the valve', means for admitting Afluid under pressure to the chamber when the valve is moved to hold it against retrograde y movement, means for overcoming the pressure 1n the chamber to move the valve 1n an v opposite direction, and means for exhausting motive fluid from the chamber Aon the latter movement. i

7. In a motor of the character described,

`the -combination with a cylinder member and a piston .operating therein, of an automatic said second surface to shift the valve in one direction, means for admitting fluid under pressure to the chamber When the valve is soshifted to hold the same in its shifted position, and means for applying uid under pressure to the third or opposite pressure surface to shift the valve in an opposite direction.

8. In a motor of the character described, the combination With a cylinder member and a piston operating therein, of an automatic valve having an internal chamber provided with a pressure surface, said valve having another similarly facing pressure surface and an oppositely disposed pressure surface of greater area than the chamber pressure surface, means for apply-ing fluid under pressure to said second surface to shift the valve in one direction and then permitting vthe exhaust from said second surface, means for admitting fluid under pressureto the chamber when the valve is so shifted to hold a piston operating therein, of an automatic valve having an internal chamber provided with a pressure surface, said valve having another similarly facing pressure surface and an oppositely disposed pressure surface of greater area than the chamber pressure surface, means for applying fluid underf pressure to said second pressure surface to shift the valve in one direction'and then permitting the exhaust from said second surface,

means for admitting fluid under pressure to the chamber When the valve is so shifted c to hold the same in the shifted position,

means for applying fluid under pressure to the third or opposite pressure surface to overcome the pressure against the chamber" pressure surface to shift the Valve in an opposite direction, and means ,for exhausting the fluid under pressure from the Charnav ber on they last-mentioned movement of the valve.

10. ln a motor of the character described, I

the combination with a cylinder member and a piston operating therein, of anl automatic valve having an internal pressure chamberA provided with an open end, a plug that enters the chamber, means for shifting thel valve, and means'for admitting motive .fluid under pressure to and exhausting it from.

the chamber..

l1. In a motor of the character described,

.the combination with a cylinder member and a piston operatingv therein, of an automatic valve having an internal vpressure chamber provided with an open end, a-plug that envalve is shifted.

ters the chamber, means for shifting the valve, and means for admitting motive uid under pressure to and exhausting it from the chamber, said means including a passage in the plug.

12. ln a motor of the character described, the combination With a cylinder member and a piston operating therein, of an automatic valve having an internal pressure chamber, means for alternately shifting the valve in opposite directions,l means for admitting fluid under pressure to the pressure chamber in the Valve When the valve is moved in one direction, and means for exhausting the motive fluid from said chamber When the valve is moved in an opposite direction.

13. In a motor of the character described, the combination With a cylinder member and a piston operating therein, of an automatic distributing valve having'v an internal pressure chamber provided With an open end, a plug that enters the chamber, means for shifting the valve, and means for admitting fluid under pressure to and exhausting it from the'chamber, said means' including a passage in lthe plug that is closedcwhen the valve is in one position, and open when the 14. ln a motor of the character described, the combination With a cylinder member and a piston operating therein, of a valve casing having a valve chamber, said valve chamber being provided With' an inlet and an exhaust valve loperating in the chamber and having an internal pressure' chamber, a plug extending longitudinally into the vpressure chamber, said plug having a longitudinally disposed exhaust passageway that communicates with the internalfchamber when the valve is in one position, said valve also having an inlet port communicating with the pressure chamber and with the inlet of th'e valve casing tvhen the valve is in another position, and means controlled by the movement of-the piston 0f the valve. Y

l5. In a motor of the ,character described, the combination with a cylinder member and a piston operating therein, of a distributing for effecting the shifting `valve having an internal pressure chamber 1n one portion, an internal exhaust passage- Way in another portiommeans for conducting fluid under pressure to the pressure chamber, and meansfor transmitting exhaust from the. cyliiridermember through said exhaust passage..

16. ln a motor ofbthe character described, the combinatioh with a cylinder member and a reciprocatory piston operating therein, of

'a valve casing having a valve chamber and a Ipressure chamber,at one end of the valve chamber, Said valve'casingalso having an inlet port and an exhaust port communicating-With the valve chamber, a reciprocatory valve located in the valve chamber and havlfor trapping motive fluid and compressing it in the pressure chamber ofthe-valve casing to shift the valve in one direction, means for 'conducting motive fluid from the cylinder member to the second pressure surface -of the valve to shift said valve in an opposite direction, means for admitting fluid under pressure to the internal valve chamber, when the valve is so shifted, and a stationary plug extending longitudinally into the valve and having a longitudinal passage therein for exhausting the motive fluid from the internal chamber When the valve isy shifted in an opposite direction.

17. In a motor of the character described, the combination with a cylinder member, of a piston member having a plurality of similarly facing `pressure surfaces arranged in different planes, and means for applying fluid pressure successively against the surfaces durlng the movement of the plston member in one directlon.

18. In a motor of the character described,

'the combination with a cylinder member having an inwardly extending boss in one end, forming an annular channel of a piston operating in the cylinder member and provided With a socket that receives the boss, and means for introducing motive fluid-into ythe channel lto effect the movement of the piston, said means including an inlet opening into the channel, said boss entering the socket on the approach of the p1ston and thereby cutting off the bottom of the socket from the inlet to cause themotive fluid introduced through the inlet to first-act' on the v:rim of the piston and as the same leaves the boss to admit such motive Huid to the socket, thereby augmenting the pressure surface acted upon. a

20. In a motor of the character described, the combination with a cylinder member, of a piston'operating therein, means for alternately supplying motive fluid to the cylinder member on opposite sides of the piston, and means for exhausting motive fluid from behind a portion of the rear surface of the piston throughout the extent of the stroke of said piston and for exhausting motive fluid from the remainder of such rear surface for a part only of the stroke, to thereby form a cushion on less than the Whole pressure surface of the piston.

21. In a motor of the character described, the combination with a cylinder member, of a piston operating therein, means for alternately supplying motive fluid to the cylinder' member on opposite sides of'the'piston,

a boss projecting into the cylinder, said p1ston having a socket to receive the boss, said cylinder member having an exhaust port opening through its Wall, and another exhaust port opening through the plug, and means for closing one of the exhaust ports prior tothe other.

22. In a motor of the character described, the combination with a cylinder member, of a piston operating therein, means for alternately supplying motive fluid to the cylinder member on opposite sides of the piston, a boss projecting into the cylinder member, said piston having a socket to receive the boss, said cylinder member having anexhaust port opening through its Wall and another exhaust port opening through the plug, the piston cutting off the exhaust port through the cylinder member Wall,l and an automatic distributing valve that closes the other exhaust port When motive fluid is admitted behind the piston. y.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set mv hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

v DANIEL S. WAUGH. Witnesses:

JAS; R. ELMENDORF,

C. E. KAISER, 

